Описание (английский)
Berezniki is a city in Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River, in the Ural Mountains.It was founded in 1873. City status was granted to it in 1932 as its industry was rapidly expanding under Joseph Stalin.
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union
in 1991, the city's population dropped due to increased unemployment.
Nevertheless, the city was able to keep its main industries on track.
Large chemical plants such as titanium and sodium factories as well as several huge Potassium, Magnesium and Potash mines are operational in Berezniki.
The potash mine, owned by Uralkali, was the basis of the fortune of Dmitry Rybolovlev who sold his interest in 2010 to Suleyman Kerimov.
Mine supports in the huge underground mine, about 1,000 feet beneath
the city, consist of soluble salt which is being dissolved by water
flooding into the mine. The city, a former Soviet era labor camp, was
built near the work site, over the mine. Several sinkholes,
some huge, have opened within the city. The situation requires
round-the-clock monitoring. The problem is believed to be limited to a
small part of the mine which was not filled properly and to be limited
in its future impact, but relocation of the city is under consideration.
The largest sinkhole, locally dubbed, "The Grandfather" by 2012, was 340 yards wide, 430 yards long, and 780 feet deep. When it opened in 2007 the hole was initially 80m long, 40m wide and 200m deep. The sinkhole was expected to expand, and destroy part of the only rail line which leads to and from the potash mines, and, being that Berezniki produces around 10% of the worlds potash, this would lead global demand towards Canada, potentially damaging the local economy. Nobody was injured when the sinkhole appeared.
Berezniki has a theater and a museum of regional history.