Описание (английский)
Cheboksary is the capital city of Chuvashia, Russia and a port on the Volga River.
It was first mentioned in written sources in 1469, when Russian soldiers passed here on their way to the Khanate of Kazan.
According to archaeological excavations, however, the area had been
populated considerably earlier. The site hosted a Bulgarian city of Veda Suvar, which appeared after Mongols defeated major Volga Bulgarian cities in the 13th century.
During Khanate period the town is believed by some to have had a Turkic name Çabaqsar and that the current Russian and English names originate from it. However, in maps by European travelers it was marked as Cibocar (Pizzigano, 1367), Veda-Suar (Fra Mauro, 1459). Shupashcar, the Chuvash name literally means the "fortress" of the Chuvash.
In 1555, the Russians built a fortress and established a settlement
here. In 1625, there were 458 soldiers quartered in Cheboksary, and in
1646 there were 661 males living in the settlement. At the end of the
17th century, Cheboksary was regarded as a major commercial city of the
Volga region, and in 1781 it was granted town status within Kazan Governorate. In the beginning of the 19th century the population was about 5500, the town had a sawmill and several small manufactures.
Cheboksary also was noted for its twenty-five churches and four monasteries, and Cheboksary bells were known in London and Paris.
In the 16th and the first half of the 17th century the Vvedensky
cathedral, four monasteries and eighth churches had been built, in the
18th century the stone buildings of treasury and archive, magistracy,
court, and ten churches. In 1880, here were counted 783 houses (33 of
them from stone), 91 stores, 3 schools, 2 hospitals, and a bank.Like many cities of Russia, Cheboksary possesses many cultural opportunities. There is an opera-ballet theater, a philharmonic orchestra, Chuvash State Puppet Theater and numerous theaters (showing productions in both Russian and Chuvash languages).
However, a very popular gathering place for the locals is the recently completed zaliv (bay),
beautifully situated in the middle of the city. There people gather to
stroll, visit cafes, and socialize. Cheboksary also has beautiful
boardwalks and beaches along the Volga River, where people swim in the summer. There are also a number of heated pools, health clubs, and museums (including the Chuvash National Museum and Russia's only beer museum).