Описание (английский)
Pyatigorsk is a city in Stavropol Krai located on the Podkumok River, about 20 kilometers (12 mi) from the town of Mineralnye Vody where there is an international airport and about 45 kilometers (28 mi) from Kislovodsk. Since January 19, 2010, it has been the administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia.
The name Pyatigorsk is derived from the fused Russian words "пять гор" (five mountains) and the city is so called because of the five peaks of the Beshtau (which also means five mountains in Turkic) of the Caucasian mountain range overlooking the city. It was founded in 1780, and has been a health spa with mineral springs
since 1803. Pyatigorsk is one of the oldest spa resorts in Russia. The
health resort provides unique medical resources, and its underground
wealth supplies 50 different mineral springs, medical mud taken from
Lake Tambukan located 10 km (6 mi) from Pyatigorsk, and the mild climate
of the area. It is one of 116 historical towns of the Russian
Federation.
Russian poet Mikhail Lermontov was shot in a duel at Pyatigorsk on July 27, 1841. There is a museum in the city devoted to his memory. The Zionist activist Joseph Trumpeldor was born in Pyatigorsk.
Points of interest
The state memorial estate of Mikhail Lermontov
was founded in 1973. It unites all of the Lermontov memorial places in
the region: the place where he fought his duel and was killed, a necropolis, Lermontov's small house, Verzilin's houses, the house of Alexander Alyabyev, the Lermontov square, and monument.
The Aeolian harp is a small stone pavilion in the classical style, constructed by the brothers Bernardacci in 1828.
Diana's grotto was built in 1830, in honor of the first ascent of Mount Elbrus.
Pyatigorsk is well known in the Caucasus region for its excellent
restaurants and nightlife, as well as for its extremely large
marketplace. A major thoroughfare is known to locals as "Broadway",
which runs through the center of the city, and on which most of the best
restaurants, nightclubs, and attractions are located. Broadway is also a
popular spot for people watching.
The influence of the Caucasus region is felt here most noticeably in
the music and cuisine, which incorporate aspects of many former Soviet
republics such as Armenia.
Pyatigorsk features prominently in Jonathan Littell's 2009 novel, The Kindly Ones.